|
James Henry Mussen Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy PC (4 April 1851 – 22 March 1931) was an Irish lawyer, politician in the British Parliament and later in the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State. He was also Lord Chancellor of Ireland. ==Barrister and Judge== He was born in Dublin and educated at Kingstown (now Dún Laoghaire) and Trinity College, Dublin, graduating BA in 1874. After being called to the Irish bar in 1878, Campbell was made an Irish Queen's Counsel in 1892 and six years later was elected Irish Unionist MP for the Dublin seat of St. Stephen's Green. The following year he was called to the English bar, and in February 1902 was elected a Bencher of Gray's Inn. In 1903 was elected to the House of Commons as representative for Dublin University, also becoming Solicitor-General for Ireland that same year. He was made the country's Attorney General in 1905, being appointed an Irish Privy Counsellor, and in 1916 became Lord Chief Justice of Ireland. Considerable controversy surrounded the efforts to appoint him a judge: the initial proposal to appoint him Lord Chancellor of Ireland met with fierce resistance from Irish Nationalists, and great efforts were made to find another vacancy. It appears Baron Atkinson was asked to retire from the House of Lords but refused.〔Lord Lowry The ''Irish Lords of Appeal in Ordinary'' published in Mysteries and Solutions in Irish Legal History, (Four Courts Press, 2001)〕 Pressure was then put on the Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, Richard Cherry who was seriously ill, to step down. Cherry was initially reluctant but eventually agreed to retire in December 1916.〔Hogan, Daire Richard Robert Cherry ,Lord Chief Justice of Ireland published in ''Mysteries and Solutions in Irish Legal History'' Four Courts Press 2001〕 Maurice Healy in his memoirs remarks that Campbell was considered the finest Irish barrister of his time, with the possible exception of Edward Carson; as a judge he was somewhat fretful and impatient.〔Healy, Maurice ''The Old Munster Circuit'' Michael Joseph Ltd. 1939〕 Campbell was created a baronet in 1917, and the following year was appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland. During the Irish War of Independence, his position was somewhat ambiguous. As head of the judiciary, he was naturally expected by the British Government to do all in his power to uphold British rule; but as his later career showed he was not opposed to the existence of the Irish Free State and was willing to play a role in the new Government. This attitude naturally infuriated the British administration, some of whom regarded it as a betrayal. Mark Sturgis, the Dublin Castle official whose diaries give a vivid picture of the last years of British rule, condemned Campbell bitterly as a coward who "does nothing and apparently thinks of nothing but the best way to show Sinn Féin that he is neutral and passive."〔Sturgis, Mark ''The Last Days of Dublin Castle- the diaries of Mark Sturgis'' Irish Academic Press 1999〕 On relinquishing office in 1921 he was ennobled as Baron Glenavy, of Milltown in the County of Dublin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|